![]() ![]() "Drought avoidance in katsura by drought-induced leaf abscission and rapid refoliation". "Classification and nomenclature of weeping katsuras". "Katsura: A review of Cercidiphyllum in cultivation and in the wild". International Dendrology Society Yearbook. "Molecular data and ecological niche modelling reveal a highly dynamic evolutionary history of the East Asian Tertiary relict Cercidiphyllum (Cercidiphyllaceae)". ^ Qi, Xin‐Shuai Chen, Chen Comes, Hans Peter Sakaguchi, Shota Liu, Yi‐Hui Tanaka, Nobuyuki Sakio, Hitoshi Qiu, Ying‐Xiong (October 2012).^ "Lebkuchenbaum (Cercidiphyllum japonicum) im Porträt - Mein schöner Garten"."It's One of Autumn's Best Scents, but Not Everyone Smells It". Springer-Verlag: Berlin Heidelberg, Germany. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". The genus is known from fossils at the end of the Cretaceous ( Maastrichtian) of North America, and the Cenozoic of North America, Europe and Asia. Katsura wood is often used to make gobans, i.e. pendulum have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. There are several clones of this, including 'Amazing Grace' and 'Tidal Wave'.īoth the species C. ![]() The other type fails to form a central leader and is rounded in habit. This cultivar is known as 'Morioka Weeping' and can reach over 25 m (82 ft) in height. ![]() Those with a strong central leader, or excurrent growth, are all one clone originating in Morioka City, Japan. Within Cercidiphyllum japonicum, several cultivars with pendulous branches are grown for their unique weeping habit. Trees in cultivation, like those in natural environments, tend to sucker from the base when young and become multi-stemmed at maturity pruning to maintain a single stem is not advised. Of particular interest is the scent produced by the leaves in the autumn, resembling burnt brown sugar or cotton candy. Under drought conditions, the species will abscise its leaves however refoliation may occur once water is made available. Where conditions are suitable, it is fast-growing, but it is very sensitive to drought and needs deep, permanently moist soil. Katsura is grown as an ornamental tree for its delicate heart-shaped leaves and bright autumn colour, a mix of bright yellow, pink and orange-red. ![]() Leaves larger, up to 8 cm long and 5.5 cm broad stipules persistent. Endemic to central Honshū, where it grows at higher altitudes than C. sinense, but no consistent difference between Japanese and Chinese origins has been found. Plants from China were at one time separated as C. Leaves smaller, not over 4.5 cm long and 3.2 cm broad stipules falling soon after leafing out in spring. Typically a multi-stemmed tree to 40–45 m tall in the wild, though typically smaller in cultivation. The scientific name Cercidiphyllum refers to the close resemblance of the leaves to those of Cercis (redbuds) these two unrelated genera can however be distinguished easily as redbud leaves are alternate, not opposite. Katsura ( カツラ) is the Japanese name for the tree. In German, Cercidiphyllum trees are named after their scent Kuchenbaum or Lebkuchenbaum ("pie tree" or "gingerbread tree"). The smell comes from a combination of maltol and a sugary compound in the leaves and is strongest when they are brown. The leaves have a strong, sweet smell in the fall, described as caramel or Madeira cake-like. The fruits mature in autumn and release their seeds in autumn through winter. The small inconspicuous flowers are produced in early spring and wind-pollinated the fruit is a cluster of 2-4 small pods, each pod 1–2 cm long with numerous small, flattened and winged seeds. The genus is dioecious, having separate male and female trees. According to a recent description "short shoots bear broadly cordate or reniform, palmately veined leaves with crenate margins long shoots bear elliptic to broadly ovate leaves with entire or finely serrate margins." Leaf size varies from 3–8 cm long and 3–5.5 cm broad. These are short stems with closely spaced leaves. Cercidiphyllum produces spurs along its twigs. The other species, Cercidiphyllum magnificum, is much smaller, rarely reaching over 10 m (33 ft) in height. The type species, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, can reach 45 m (148 ft) in height, and is one of the largest hardwoods in Asia. The genus is native to Japan and China and unrelated to Cercis (redbuds). They are the sole members of the monotypic family Cercidiphyllaceae. japonicum) trunk and foliageĬercidiphyllum is a genus containing two species of plants, both commonly called katsura. ![]()
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